Darwin/ Correction
Message de audebunny posté le 08-04-2005 à 13:34:14 (S | E | F | I)
Bonsoir, veuillez m'aider si possible pour un devoir à faire sur Darwin et ses découvertes. Je n'ai pas encore eu le temps de faire mon commentaire sur ce qui fait que les arguments de Darwin sont encore valables aujourd'hui. Je pense que je le mettrai ce soir.
Il s'agit de voir si je n'ai pas fait de fautes, merci d'avance.


Darwin’s major discoveries

In 1859, Darwin published his master work, on the origin of species by means of natural selection. He discovered that animals and plants could be modified under the domestication.
Then, he analysed the relation between the reproduction and the selection and also the relation between man and monkey.
Afterwards, he studied the evolution of the gesture that animals use to communicate and the relation between the human emotionnal expression.
Darwin also enjoyed studying and writing about plants. He wrote a book about the fertilization of Orchids, the climbing plants and the insectivorous Plants.
He studied the different forms of flowers on plants of the same species and in 1881, he published the famous Formation of Vegetable Mould through the Action of Worms!

Charles Darwin’s Father of evolution
Darwin was born into an upper middle class family. He have got five brothers and sisters. His father was a famous surgeon. At the age of 8,his mother died. He loves spent his time in the nature. When he was 16 years old, Charles went to Edinburgh to start studying medicine, but he soon realized that the medecine was not made for him. So he studied and received a degree in Theology.

His mentor, John Henslow, encouraged him to be made engage as naturalist on The Beaggle. He spend his time to study the coasts of the South america. He observed new plants which had the same characteristic that plants which lived in Europe. Galapagos Islands was most impressed him.

Darwin wrote several books based on his surveys on geology and the plant and animal species he had observed and collected.
In January, 1839 Darwin married Emma Wedgewood, a cousin. They lived in London for a few years. Then they went to live in a village near London. Darwin died in 1882 because of the palludism.

When Darwin was on the Beagle, he observed that animals had been adapted their characteristic to the life on the Island. So Darwin wondered why there was such a diversity of the species. He read a book by Malthus called Population. Malthus introduced the idea that competition over limited resources would, in nature, keep populations stable. Sir Charles Lyell, a well-known geologist explain that the formation of the Earth was the result of action such as erosion or earthquake which act continuously. Darwin took as a starting point the theories of Lyell to develop his theorie. Darwin received a essay form Alfred Russel Wallace on the the idea for natural selection.
The point they jointly made was clear : the species adapted to their living’s condition. Only the most adapted to the nature will be survive.
In the same time, there was experience which was realize to create new race of dog or horse. The new race was the result of crossing between males and females which had best the physical characteristics than they wanted developped in their descandance. This was the artifical selection.
Darwin made the parallel between the artifical selection and a phenomon of selection in the nature : the natural selection.

He arrived at the conclusion that there was three different type of varaition :
- the first which give an individual some advantage, individual is more likely to survive and pass the advantage to the next generation
- the second which give nothing, individual can survive and pass the variation to the next generation but they didn’t have more advantage
- the third which give an individual some disadvantage, individual is more likely to died and can’t pass the disadvantage to the next generation.
Darwin put forth assumption that the man went down the monkey.

When he observed birds’s reproduction, he saw that femals is attracted by the males having attribute development. So there is a fight for the existence.

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Edité par emy64 le 08-04-2005 13:36
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